Vol 2 No 4 (2025)
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Analysis of Factors Influencing the Cleaning Quality of Reusable Instruments in the Central Sterile Supply Department
Xin-Hui Ma, Min Yang, Yi Ding
Cleaning is the first and most critical step in the reprocessing of medical devices. Its quality directly determines the effectiveness of subsequent disinfection and sterilization, thereby affecting patient safety and the level of hospital infection prevention and control. As the core department responsible for ensuring the supply of sterile items in hospitals, the Central Sterile Supply Department (CSSD) plays a decisive role in the cleaning quality of reusable instruments. This paper systematically reviews relevant studies and practice guidelines published between 2020 and 2025, both domestically and internationally. Based on the six-dimensional “Man– Machine–Material–Method–Environment–Measurement” (6M) model, it provides an in-depth analysis of the key factors influencing the cleaning quality of reusable instruments in CSSD. The findings indicate that insufficient professional competence of personnel, improper equipment maintenance, non-standard selection and use of detergents, lack of standardized operating procedures, complex instrument structures, and imperfect quality management systems are the main causes of cleaning failure. Accordingly, this paper proposes the establishment of an integrated quality control system based on the “Man–Machine–Material–Method– Environment–Measurement” framework, emphasizing the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration, information technology empowerment, and continuous quality improvement. The aim is to provide theoretical references and practical pathways for improving the cleaning quality of CSSD in medical institutions in China.
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Optimization Strategies for Gradient Magnetic Field Uniformity in Magnetic Resonance Imaging Systems
Liang-Gang Sun
The gradient magnetic field is a core component of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems, and its uniformity is directly related to spatial resolution, signal-to-noise ratio, and lesion detection accuracy, making it a key factor constraining imaging quality. At present, the gradient magnetic field in clinical and research MRI systems is susceptible to disturbances arising from coil design, electromagnetic interference, and mechanical deformation, and its uniformity often fails to meet the requirements of high-precision imaging. To address this issue, this paper systematically reviews the evaluation indices and influencing mechanisms of gradient magnetic field uniformity, and proposes targeted optimization strategies from four dimensions: coil structure design, electromagnetic compatibility, mechanical stability, and post-processing calibration and compensation, including novel coil design approaches.
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Application of Syndrome Differentiation–Based Nursing in Patients with Lung Distension
Qian-Wen Qin
Lung distension (Fei Zhang) is a common syndrome in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). This paper systematically elaborates the TCM syndrome differentiation of lung distension, including phlegm-turbidity obstructing the lung, phlegm-heat stagnating in the lung, yang deficiency with water retention, and deficiency of lung and kidney qi, as well as their core pathogenesis. The fundamental principles of syndrome differentiation–based nursing are introduced, such as the holistic concept and treatment based on syndrome differentiation. Corresponding nursing interventions for different syndrome types are proposed, along with key nursing considerations. Through scientific and targeted nursing care, patients' symptoms can be effectively alleviated, thereby promoting recovery.
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Visualization Analysis of Humanistic Nursing in China
Yi-Chang Shi
This article focuses on a visualization analysis of humanistic nursing in China. It elaborates on the connotation of humanistic nursing, visualization analysis tools, data sources, and other foundational aspects. Through bibliometric and knowledge graph evolution analysis, it reveals publication trends, core contributors, research hotspots, and more. The study suggests that future efforts should strengthen multi-database integration and international comparative research to obtain more comprehensive data, draw lessons from international experience, clarify research directions, promote the development of humanistic nursing research in China, and enhance the quality of nursing services as well as academic influence.
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Effect of Free Position Nursing Intervention on Improving Pain Levels in Primiparas During Natural Childbirth
Li-Yuan Zhao
Objective: To investigate the effect of free position nursing intervention on improving pain levels in primiparas during natural childbirth. Methods: 86 primiparas who underwent natural childbirth in the obstetrics department of our hospital from January 2022 to June 2024 were selected and divided into an observation group (n = 43) and a control group (n = 43) using the random number table method. The control group received the routine delivery nursing model, while the observation group implemented free position nursing intervention on the basis of routine care. The pain degree, delivery time, and neonatal Apgar scores were compared between the two groups. Results: The pain level in the observation group was significantly reduced, the duration of the first stage of labor was significantly shortened, and the 1-minute Apgar score of the neonates was higher (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Free position nursing intervention can effectively alleviate the pain experience of primiparas during natural childbirth, shorten the duration of labor, and benefit maternal and infant health. It is worthy of clinical promotion and application.
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A Study on the Impact of Sequential Nursing Management on Lower Limb Blood Supply Improvement in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Complicated by Peripheral Vascular Disease
Hong-Xia Ji, Chen Zheng
Objective: To investigate the application effect of sequential nursing management in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated by lower limb peripheral vascular disease. Methods: 120 patients with T2DM and lower limb arterial disease admitted between June 2021 and June 2025 were selected and randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, with 60 cases in each group. The control group received routine nursing intervention, while the observation group received systematic sequential nursing management in addition. The Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI), Transcutaneous Oxygen Pressure (TcPO ), and 2 Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score for lower limb pain were compared between the two groups. Results: After the intervention, the improvement in Ankle-Brachial Index, Transcutaneous Oxygen Pressure, and pain scores in the observation group was significantly greater than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The sequential nursing management model can effectively promote lower limb blood circulation and alleviate clinical symptoms in patients with T2DM complicated by peripheral vascular disease, making it worthy of clinical promotion and application.
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Exploration and Reflection on Quality Assessment of Hospital Ethics Committees
Nan Guo
Quality assessment of hospital ethics committees is an important component in improving the level of medical ethics governance. This paper systematically reviews the definition, structure, and core functions of ethics committees, and analyzes the development history and existing models of quality assessment in China and abroad. A quality assessment indicator system is constructed from three dimensions—structure, process, and outcomes—and specific strategies are proposed, including strengthening organizational development, improving institutional procedures, and enhancing supervision and management. By establishing a scientific and effective assessment mechanism, this study aims to promote the standardized development of hospital ethics committees, support the protection of patient rights, and advance medical ethics.
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