Gene Expression Profiles Reveal the Potential Link between Parkinson’s Disease and Gastric Cancer
Lei Zhang ( Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, P.R. China )
Zhiming Ma ( Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, P.R. China )
Suyan Tian ( Division of Clinical Research, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, P.R. China )
https://doi.org/10.37155/2717-5278-2021-03-02-2Abstract
Introduction: Gastric cancer (GC) is a cancer that develops from the lining of the stomach. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a long-term degenerative disorder of the central nervous system that mainly affects the motor system. Even though these two diseases seem to be distinct from each other, increasing evidences suggest that they might be linked. The objective of this study is two-fold. One is to explore if these two diseases are associated from the perspective of gene expression profiles. The other is to examine if race plays an interaction role on the association between these two diseases. Methods: Moderated t-tests or moderated paired t-tests were carried out to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the diseased people and the normal controls. Upon the overlapped DEGs between PD and GC, biological relevance was investigated using GeneCards database. Results and Discussion: Our analysis results showed that PD and GC are related to each other. Furthermore, our analysis suggest that these two diseases may be associated negatively with each other, and race is unlikely to play an interaction role on this association. Conclusions: This study may serve as a pilot study, and it will stimulate more work to investigate the link between distinct diseases using big omics data.
Keywords
Gastric cancer; Parkinson’s disease; Differentially expressed genes (DEGs); Association; Gene expression profilesFull Text
PDFReferences
[2].Obeso JA, Stamelou M, Goetz CG, Poewe W, Lang AE, Weintraub D, Burn D, Halliday GM, Bezard E, Lehericy S, Brooks DJ, Rothwell JC, Delong MR, Marras C, Tanner CM, Ross GW, Langston JW, Klein C, Bonifati V, Jankovic J, Lozano AM, Deuschl G, Bergman H, Tolosa E, Fahn S, Postuma RB, Berg D, Marek K, Surmeier DJ, Olanow CW, Kordower JH, Stoessl AJ, Hospital A, Shulman G, Clinic MD, Hospital W, Illness M, J CM, Sciences M, Centre M, Biology C, Translational C, Initiative N: Past, Present, and Future of Parkinson’s Disease: A Special Essay on the 200th Anniversary of the Shaking Palsy J.A. Movement Disorders 2017, 32:1264–1310.
[3].Chalazonitis A, Rao M: Enteric nervous system manifestations of neurodegenerative disease. Brain Research 2018.
[4].Bercik P, Collins S, Verdu E: Microbes and the gut-brain axis. Neurogastroenterology & Motility 2012:405–413.
[5].Malek N, Lawton MA, Grosset KA, Bajaj N, Barker RA, Burn DJ, Foltynie T, Hardy J, Morris HR, Williams NM, Ben-shlomo Y, Wood NW: Autonomic Dysfunction in Early Parkinson ’ s Disease : Results from the United Kingdom Tracking Parkinson ’ s Study. Movement Disorders 2016:509–516.
[6].Driver JA: Inverse association between cancer and neurodegenerative disease : review of the epidemiologic and biological evidence. Biogerontology 2014, 15:547–557.
[7].Driver JA: Understanding the link between cancer and neurodegeneration. Journal of Geriatric Oncology 2011, 3:58–67.
[8].Wirdefeldt K, Weibull CE, Chen H, Kamel F, Lundholm C, Fang F: Parkinson’s Disease and Cancer : A Register-based Family Study. American Journal of Epidemiology 2014, 179:85–94.
[9].Bajaj A, Driver JA, Schernhammer ES: Parkinson’s disease and cancer risk : a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Cause Control 2010, 21:697–707.
[10].Lo RY, Tanner CM, Eeden SK Van Den, Albers KB, Leimpeter AD, Nelson LM: Comorbid Cancer in Parkinson’s Disease. Movement Disorders 2010, 25:1809–1817.
[11].Elbaz A, Peterson BJ, Bower JH, Yang P, Maraganore DM, Mcdonnell SK, Ahlskog JE, Rocca WA: Risk of Cancer After the Diagnosis of Parkinson ’ s Disease : A Historical Cohort Study. Movement Disorders 2005, 20:719–725.
[12].Lin P-Y, Chang S-N, Hsiao T-H, Huang B-T, Lin C-H, Yang P-C: Association Between Parkinson Disease and Risk of Cancer in Taiwan. JAMA ONCOl 2015:1–8.
[13].Hu C, Tseng C, Chien C, Huang H, Ku W: Quantitative Proteomics Reveals Diverse Roles of miR-148a from Gastric Cancer Progression to Neurological Development. Jounal of Proteome research 2013, 12:3993–4004.
[14].Zheng B, Liao Z, Locascio JJ, Lesniak KA, Roderick SS, Watt ML, Eklund AC, Zhang-james Y, Kim PD, Hauser MA, Grünblatt E, Moran LB, Mandel SA, Riederer P, Miller RM, Federoff HJ, Wullner U, Parapetropoulos S, Youdim MB, Cantuti-Castelvetri I, Young AB, Vance JM, Davis RL, Hedreen JC, Adler CH, Beach TG, Graeber MB, Middleton FA, Rochet J-C, Scherzer CR, Consortium TGPGE: PGC-1α, A Potential Therapeutic Target for Early Intervention in Parkinson’s Disease. Sci Tansl Med 2010, 2:52ra73.
[15].Moran L, Duke D, Deprez M, Dexter D, Pearce R, Graeber M: Whole genome expression profiling of the medial and lateral substantia nigra in Parkinson ’ s disease. Neurogenetics 2006, 7:1–11.
[16].Zhang Y, James M, Middleton FA, Davis RL: Transcriptional Analysis of Multiple Brain Regions in Parkinson ’ s Disease Supports the Involvement of Specific Protein Processing , Energy Metabolism , and Signaling Pathways , and Suggests Novel Disease Mechanisms. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B 2005, 137B:5–16.
[17].Kim S, Kim J, Lee H, Noh S, Song K, Cho J, Jeong H, Kim WH, Yeom Y, Kim N, Kim S, Yoo H, Kim YS: Molecules and Meta- and Gene Set Analysis of Stomach Cancer Gene Expression Data. Molecules and Cells 2007, 24:200–209.
[18].Errico MD, Rinaldis E De, Blasi MF, Viti V, Falchetti M, Calcagnile A, Sera F, Saieva C, Ottini L, Palli D, Palombo F, Giuliani A, Dogliotti E: Genome-wide expression profile of sporadic gastric cancers with microsatellite instability. European Journal of Cancer 2008, 45:461–469.
[19].Wang Q, Wen Y-G, Li D-P, Xia J, Zhou C-Z, Yan D-W, Tang H-M, Peng Z-H: Upregulated INHBA expression is associated with poor survival in gastric cancer. Med Oncol 2012, 29:77–83.
[20].He J, Jin Y, Yao H-B, Xia Y-J, Ma Y, Wang W, Shao Q-S: Downregulation of ALDOB is associated with poor prognosis of patients with gastric cancer. OncoTargets and Therapy 2016, 9:6099–6109.
[21].Lesnick TG, Papapetropoulos S, Mash DC, Ffrench-mullen J, Shehadeh L, Andrade M De, Henley JR, Rocca WA, Ahlskog JE, Maraganore DM: A Genomic Pathway Approach to a Complex Disease : Axon Guidance and Parkinson Disease. PLoS Genetics 2007, 3:e98.
[22].McCall MN, Bolstad BM, Irizarry RA: Frozen robust multiarray analysis (fRMA). Biostatistics 2010, 11:242–253.
[23].McCall MN, Irizarry RA: Thawing Frozen Robust Multi-array Analysis (fRMA). BMC Bioinformatics 2011, 12:369.
[24].McCall MN, Jaffee HA, Irizarry RA: fRMA ST: frozen robust multiarray analysis for Affymetrix Exon and Gene ST arrays. Bioinformatics 2012, 28:3153–4.
[25].Smyth G: Limma: linear models for microarray data. In … and computational biology solutions using R and …. edited by R. Gentleman, V. Carey, S. Dudoit, R. Irizarry WH (eds. . New York: Springer; 2005:397–420.
[26].Franceschini A, Szklarczyk D, Frankild S, Kuhn M, Simonovic M, Roth A, Lin J, Minguez P, Bork P, von Mering C, Jensen LJ: STRING v9.1: protein-protein interaction networks, with increased coverage and integration. Nucleic acids research 2013, 41:D808-15.
[27].Smoot ME, Ono K, Ruscheinski J, Wang P-L, Ideker T: Cytoscape 2.8: new features for data integration and network visualization. Bioinformatics 2011, 27:431–2.
[28].Safran M, Dalah I, Alexander J, Rosen N, Stein TI, Shmoish M, Nativ N, Bahir I, Doniger T, Krug H, Sirota-madi A, Olender T, Golan Y, Stelzer G, Harel A, Lancet D: GeneCards Version 3 : the human gene integrator. Database 2010, 2010:baq020.
Copyright © 2021 Lei Zhang, Zhiming Ma, Suyan Tian Publishing time:2021-12-30
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License