间皮瘤的流行病学特征研究现状

马思源 ( 中国医科大学肿瘤医院、辽宁省肿瘤医院病理科 )

杨 虹 ( 沈阳市第十人民医院病理科 )

高小卓 ( 中国医科大学肿瘤医院、辽宁省肿瘤医院病理科 )

石玲玲 ( 中国医科大学肿瘤医院、辽宁省肿瘤医院病理科 )

李晓波 ( 沈阳医学院病理学教研室 )

黄 波 ( 中国医科大学肿瘤医院、辽宁省肿瘤医院病理科 )

Abstract

间皮瘤的发病率虽然远低于相同部位的癌,但因其30~40年的超长潜伏期,很难早期发现诊断,并且与相应部位的恶性肿瘤难以区分,缺乏有效的治疗手段使恶性间皮瘤成为生存期短、死亡率极高的高度恶性肿瘤。近年来随着新发病例逐渐增多,有预测世界范围内将面临爆发的风险。与间皮瘤相关的危险因素包括硅酸盐矿物、猿猴病毒40(SV40)、慢性炎症等,已经明确,但机制性研究延迟于相应部位癌的进展,真实世界中尚缺乏特异性的诊断和靶向治疗指标,导致晚期间皮瘤患者较多且预后较差。本文将从流行病学角度对间皮瘤的危险因素及其机制、流行病学一般特征等加以综述,提高对间皮瘤的发病认识,为进一步寻求间皮瘤的预防、诊断、治疗的措施提供科学依据。

Keywords

间皮瘤; 危险因素; 流行病学; 潜伏期

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