Design of New Process to Utilize Stubble Char for Constraction of M25 Concrete
Sujit Kumar Guchhait （ Institute of Nano Science & Technology, Knowledge City, Sector-81, Mohali, Punjab-140306, India. ）
Ankush （ Institute of Nano Science & Technology, Knowledge City, Sector-81, Mohali, Punjab-140306, India. ）
Krishna K. Yadav （ Institute of Nano Science & Technology, Knowledge City, Sector-81, Mohali, Punjab-140306, India. ）
Sunaina （ Institute of Nano Science & Technology, Knowledge City, Sector-81, Mohali, Punjab-140306, India. ）
Asheesh Yadav （ Tata Consulting Engineers, Knowledge City, Sector-81, Mohali, Punjab-140306, India. ）
Ramesh Zutshi （ Tata Consulting Engineers, Knowledge City, Sector-81, Mohali, Punjab-140306, India. ）
Niranjan Singh （ Institute of Nano Science & Technology, Knowledge City, Sector-81, Mohali, Punjab-140306, India. ）
Menaka Jha （ Institute of Nano Science & Technology, Knowledge City, Sector-81, Mohali, Punjab-140306, India. ）
https://doi.org/10.37155/2717-526X-0502-4Abstract
Considering the challenges posed by agricultural waste, specifically rice straw, this study focuses on implementing cost-effective and eco-friendly processes to transform rice straw waste intovaluable, high-demand materials (sodium carbonate and M-25 concrete). The analysis of rice straw reveals its primary composition of cellulose and sodium silicate, with a layered cellulose microstructure. To produce sodium carbonate, rice straw is subjected to incineration ina furnace, with the resulting effluent gas passing through aqueous NaOH to effectively capture CO2 at room temperature and ambient pressure. Simultaneously, the ash generated from burning rice straw is employed as a pozzolanic material in the production of M25 grade concrete.Notably, the concrete containing 20% ash demonstrates an impressive compressive strength of 29.05 MPa after a 28-day curing period. These results are highly promising for the potentialutilization of agricultural waste in the production of soda and concrete.
Keywords
Rice straw; CO2 capturing; Ash utilization; M25 concreteFull Text
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[28] Jaturapitakkul C, Tangpagasit J, Songmue S, et al. Filler effect and pozzolanic reaction of ground palm oil fuel ash. Construction and Building Materials, 2011;25(11):4287-4293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.04.073
[29] Rukzon S and Chindaprasirt P. Utilization of bagasse ash in high-strength concrete. Materials & Design, 2012;34:45-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2011.07.045
[30] Adesanya DA. Evaluation of blended cement mortar, concrete and stabilized earth made from ordinary Portland cement and corn cob ash. Construction and Building Materials, 1996;10(6):451-456. https://doi.org/10.1016/0950-0618(96)00001-3
[31] Ramos T, Matos AM, Sousa-Coutinho J. Mortar with wood waste ash: mechanical strength carbonation resistance and ASR expansion. Construction and Building Materials, 2013;49:343-351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.08.026
[32] Hesami S, Ahmadi S and Nematzadeh M. Effects of rice husk ash and fiber on mechanical properties of pervious concrete pavement. Construction and Building Materials, 2014;53:680-691. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.11.070
[33] Roselló J, Soriano L, Santamarina MP, et al. Rice straw ash: a potential pozzolanic supplementary material for cementing systems. Industrial Crops and Products, 2017;103:39-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2017.03.030
[34] Cordeiro GC and Sales CP. Pozzolanic activity of elephant grass ash and its influence on the mechanical properties of concrete. Cement and Concrete Composites, 2015;55:331-336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2014.09.019
[35] Frías M, Savastano H, Villar E, et al. Characterization and properties of blended cement matrices containing activated bamboo leaf wastes. Cement and Concrete Composites, 2012;34(9):1019-1023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2012.05.005
[36] El-Sayed MA and El-Samni TM. Physical and chemical properties of rice straw ash and its effect on the cement paste produced from different cement types. Journal of King Saud University-Engineering Sciences, 2006;19(1):21-29. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1018-3639(18)30845-6
[37] Nimityongskul P and Daladar TU. Use of coconut husk ash, corn cob ash and peanut shell ash as cement replacement. Journal of Ferrocement, 1995;25:35-44.
[38] Anwar M. Use of rice husk ash as part of cement content in concrete. Cairo University, Egypt, 1996.
[39] Rukzon S and Chindaprasirt P. Use of rice husk-bark ash in producing self-compacting concrete. Advances in Civil Engineering, 2014, 2014.
[40] Sobuz MHR, Saha A, Anamika JF, et al. Development of self-compacting concrete incorporating rice husk ash with waste galvanized copper wire fiber. Buildings, 2022;12(7):1024. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12071024
[41] Sathurshan M, Yapa I, Thamboo J, et al. Untreated rice husk ash incorporated high strength self-compacting concrete: Properties and environmental impact assessments. Environmental Challenges, 2021;2:100015.
[42] Malhotra VM. Fly ash, slag, silica fume, and rice husk ash in concrete: a review. Concrete International, 1993;15(4):23-28.
[43] Dabas N, Yadav KK, Ganguli AK, et al. New process for conversion of hazardous industrial effluent of ceramic industry into nanostructured sodium carbonate and their application in textile industry. Journal of Environmental Management, 2019;240:352-358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.03.066
[44] IS 456, Concrete, plain and reinforced, bureau of Indian standards, New Dehli. 2000. 1-114.
[45] IS 516: 2014, Method of tests for strength of concrete, IS: 516-1959 (Reaffirmed 2004). (2004) New Delhi, India.
[46] Bakker RRC, Elbersen HW, Poppens RP, et al. Rice straw and wheat straw-potential feedstocks for the biobased economy. NL Agency, 2013.
[47] Rubio F, Rubio J and Oteo JL. A FT-IR study of the hydrolysis of tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS). Spectroscopy Letters, 1998;31(1):199-219. https://doi.org/10.1080/00387019808006772
[48] Zheng L, Hou Y, Li W, et al. Biodiesel production from rice straw and restaurant waste employing black soldier fly assisted by microbes. Energy, 2012;47(1):225-229. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ENERGY.2012.09.006
[49] Chandra S and Berntsson L. Use of silica fume in concrete. Waste materials used in concrete manufacturing. William Andrew Publishing; 1996. pp. 554-623.
[2] Yevich R and Logan JA. An assessment of biofuel use and burning of agricultural waste in the developing world. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 2003;17(4). https://doi.org/10.1029/2002gb001952
[3] Rao P and Rathod V. Valorization of food and agricultural waste: a step towards greener future. The Chemical Record, 2019;19(9):1858-1871. https://doi.org/10.1002/tcr.201800094
[4] Wang J, Sun B and Tsao R. Bioactive factors and processing technology for cereal foods. Singapore: Springer; 2019. pp. 65-76. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6167-8_5
[5] Binod P, Sindhu R, Singhania RR, et al. Bioethanol production from rice straw: an overview. Bioresource Technology, 2010;101(13):4767-4774. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2009.10.079
[6] Gadde B, Bonnet S, Menke C, et al. Air pollutant emissions from rice straw open field burning in India, Thailand and the Philippines. Environmental Pollution, 2009;157(5):1554-1558. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2009.01.004
[7] Ma Y, Shen Y and Liu Y. State of the art of straw treatment technology: challenges and solutions forward. Bioresource Technology, 2020;313:123656. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123656
[8] Uda MNA, Gopinath SCB, Hashim U, et al. Production and characterization of silica nanoparticles from fly ash: conversion of agro-waste into resource. Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology, 2021;51(1):86-95. https://doi.org/10.1080/10826068.2020.1793174
[9] Basta AH and Lotfy VF. Impact of pulping routes of rice straw on cellulose nanoarchitectonics and their behavior toward Indigo dye. Applied Nanoscience, 2023;13(6):4455-4469. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-022-02714-0
[10] Dasgupta N, Baqui MA, Dhingra S, et al. Benefits of improved rice husk combustion. Bangladesh Natural Resources Institute, 2003.
[11] Olivares‐Marín M and Maroto‐Valer MM. Development of adsorbents for CO2 capture from waste materials: a review. Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology, 2012;2(1):20-35. https://doi.org/10.1002/ghg.45
[12] Thiruvenkatachari R, Su S, An H, et al. Post combustion CO2 capture by carbon fibre monolithic adsorbents. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 2009;35(5):438-455. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecs.2009.05.003
[13] Qiao Z, Wang Z, Zhang C, et al. PVAm-PIP/PS composite membrane with high performance for CO2/N2 separation. AIChE Journal, 2013;59(1):215-228. https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.13781
[14] Wang Q, Luo J, Zhong Z, et al. CO2 capture by solid adsorbents and their applications: current status and new trends. Energy & Environmental Science, 2011;4(1):42-55. https://doi.org/10.1039/c0ee00064g
[15] Manovic V and Anthony EJ. Lime-based sorbents for high-temperature CO2 capture-a review of sorbent modification methods. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2010;7(8):3129-3140. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph7083129
[16] Boonpoke A, Chiarakorn S, Laosiripojana N, et al. Synthesis of activated carbon and MCM-41 from bagasse and rice husk and their carbon dioxide adsorption capacity. Journal of Sustainable Energy & Environment, 2011;2(2):77-81.
[17] Alie C, Backham L, Croiset E, et al. Simulation of CO2 capture using MEA scrubbing: a flowsheet decomposition method. Energy Conversion and Management, 2005;46(3):475-487. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2004.03.003
[18] Wang R, Li DF, Zhou C, et al. Impact of DEA solutions with and without CO2 loading on porous polypropylene membranes intended for use as contactors. Journal of Membrane Science, 2004;229(1-2):147-157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2003.10.022
[19] Jimoh OA, Ariffin KS, Hussin HB, et al. Synthesis of precipitated calcium carbonate: a review. Carbonates and Evaporites, 2018;33:331-346. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13146-017-0341-x
[20] Koohestanian E, Sadeghi J, Mohebbi-Kalhori D, et al. A novel process for CO2 capture from the flue gases to produce urea and ammonia. Energy, 2018;144:279-285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.12.034
[21] Luo J, Preciado S, Xie P, et al. Carboxylation of phenols with CO2 at atmospheric pressure. Chemistry-A European Journal, 2016;22(20):6798-6802. https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201601114
[22] Jamora JB, Go AW, Gudia SEL, et al. Evaluating the use of rice residue ash in cement-based industries in the Philippines-Greenhouse gas reduction, transportation, and cost assessment. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2023;398:136623. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.136623
[23] Athira G, Bahurudeen A and Appari S. Sustainable alternatives to carbon intensive paddy field burning in India: a framework for cleaner production in agriculture, energy, and construction industries. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2019;236:117598. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.07.073
[24] Barcelo L, Kline J, Walenta G, et al. Cement and carbon emissions. Materials and Structures, 2014;47(6):1055-1065. https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-013-0114-5
[25] Worrell E, Price L, Martin N, et al. Carbon dioxide emissions from the global cement industry. Annual Review of Energy and the Environment, 2001;26(1):303-329. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.energy.26.1.303
[26] Khatri RP, Sirivivatnanon V and Gross W. Effect of different supplementary cementitious materials on mechanical properties of high performance concrete. Cement and Concrete research, 1995;25(1):209-220. https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-8846(94)00128-L
[27] Samad S and Shah A. Role of binary cement including Supplementary Cementitious Material (SCM), in production of environmentally sustainable concrete: a critical review. International Journal of Sustainable Built Environment, 2017;6(2):663-674. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsbe.2017.07.003
[28] Jaturapitakkul C, Tangpagasit J, Songmue S, et al. Filler effect and pozzolanic reaction of ground palm oil fuel ash. Construction and Building Materials, 2011;25(11):4287-4293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.04.073
[29] Rukzon S and Chindaprasirt P. Utilization of bagasse ash in high-strength concrete. Materials & Design, 2012;34:45-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2011.07.045
[30] Adesanya DA. Evaluation of blended cement mortar, concrete and stabilized earth made from ordinary Portland cement and corn cob ash. Construction and Building Materials, 1996;10(6):451-456. https://doi.org/10.1016/0950-0618(96)00001-3
[31] Ramos T, Matos AM, Sousa-Coutinho J. Mortar with wood waste ash: mechanical strength carbonation resistance and ASR expansion. Construction and Building Materials, 2013;49:343-351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.08.026
[32] Hesami S, Ahmadi S and Nematzadeh M. Effects of rice husk ash and fiber on mechanical properties of pervious concrete pavement. Construction and Building Materials, 2014;53:680-691. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.11.070
[33] Roselló J, Soriano L, Santamarina MP, et al. Rice straw ash: a potential pozzolanic supplementary material for cementing systems. Industrial Crops and Products, 2017;103:39-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2017.03.030
[34] Cordeiro GC and Sales CP. Pozzolanic activity of elephant grass ash and its influence on the mechanical properties of concrete. Cement and Concrete Composites, 2015;55:331-336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2014.09.019
[35] Frías M, Savastano H, Villar E, et al. Characterization and properties of blended cement matrices containing activated bamboo leaf wastes. Cement and Concrete Composites, 2012;34(9):1019-1023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2012.05.005
[36] El-Sayed MA and El-Samni TM. Physical and chemical properties of rice straw ash and its effect on the cement paste produced from different cement types. Journal of King Saud University-Engineering Sciences, 2006;19(1):21-29. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1018-3639(18)30845-6
[37] Nimityongskul P and Daladar TU. Use of coconut husk ash, corn cob ash and peanut shell ash as cement replacement. Journal of Ferrocement, 1995;25:35-44.
[38] Anwar M. Use of rice husk ash as part of cement content in concrete. Cairo University, Egypt, 1996.
[39] Rukzon S and Chindaprasirt P. Use of rice husk-bark ash in producing self-compacting concrete. Advances in Civil Engineering, 2014, 2014.
[40] Sobuz MHR, Saha A, Anamika JF, et al. Development of self-compacting concrete incorporating rice husk ash with waste galvanized copper wire fiber. Buildings, 2022;12(7):1024. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12071024
[41] Sathurshan M, Yapa I, Thamboo J, et al. Untreated rice husk ash incorporated high strength self-compacting concrete: Properties and environmental impact assessments. Environmental Challenges, 2021;2:100015.
[42] Malhotra VM. Fly ash, slag, silica fume, and rice husk ash in concrete: a review. Concrete International, 1993;15(4):23-28.
[43] Dabas N, Yadav KK, Ganguli AK, et al. New process for conversion of hazardous industrial effluent of ceramic industry into nanostructured sodium carbonate and their application in textile industry. Journal of Environmental Management, 2019;240:352-358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.03.066
[44] IS 456, Concrete, plain and reinforced, bureau of Indian standards, New Dehli. 2000. 1-114.
[45] IS 516: 2014, Method of tests for strength of concrete, IS: 516-1959 (Reaffirmed 2004). (2004) New Delhi, India.
[46] Bakker RRC, Elbersen HW, Poppens RP, et al. Rice straw and wheat straw-potential feedstocks for the biobased economy. NL Agency, 2013.
[47] Rubio F, Rubio J and Oteo JL. A FT-IR study of the hydrolysis of tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS). Spectroscopy Letters, 1998;31(1):199-219. https://doi.org/10.1080/00387019808006772
[48] Zheng L, Hou Y, Li W, et al. Biodiesel production from rice straw and restaurant waste employing black soldier fly assisted by microbes. Energy, 2012;47(1):225-229. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ENERGY.2012.09.006
[49] Chandra S and Berntsson L. Use of silica fume in concrete. Waste materials used in concrete manufacturing. William Andrew Publishing; 1996. pp. 554-623.
Copyright © 2024 Sujit Kumar Guchhait, Ankush, Krishna K. Yadav, Sunaina, Asheesh Yadav, Ramesh Zutshi, Niranjan Singh, Menaka Jha
Publishing time:2023-10-25
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
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