Problems Solving to Develop Higher Order Thinking Skills: An Example for Middle School Mathematics
Riyanto （ Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Bengkulu University, Indonesia ）
Diah Aryulina （ Retired ）
https://doi.org/10.37155/2972-4856-jei0304-12Abstract
The current school curriculum in Indonesia emphasizes learning that develops higher-order thinking skills. Higher-order thinking skills are the ability to connect information logically, critically, and creatively to solve problems. These thinking skills can develop through problem-based learning. Problems in problem-based learning have characteristics including appropriateness for students, authentic, and ill-structured. A new math problem example with these characteristics is to count the amount of sesame in onde cake. Secondary school mathematics teaching can use the problem-solving process of this example as a material for fun collaborative analysis by students and teachers.
Keywords
HOTS; Middle school; Mathematics; Sesame Onde; Problems solvingFull Text
PDFReferences
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[9].Carvalho, C. et al. (2015). Critical thinking, real life problems, and feedback in the sciences classroom. Journal of Turkish Science Education, 12(2), 21-31. DOI:10.12973/tused.10138a.
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[13].Ennis, R. H. (2015). Critical thinking: A streamlined conception. In M. Davies & R. Barnett (eds.): The Palgrave Handbook of Critical Thinking in Higher Education, pp. 31-48. New York, NY, US: Palgrave Macmillan. DOI 10.1007/978-1-137-37805-7.
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[19].Hung, W. (2016). All PBL starts here: The problem. Interdisciplinary. Journal of Problem-Based Learning, 10(2). DOI:10.7771/1541-5015.1604.
[20].Kim, K. H., & Lee, J. S. (2019). CQ: Creativity quotient for climates, attitudes, and thinking skills with eye-tracking. Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, 233(2): 465–475. DOI: 10.1177/ 0954406218780541.
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[25].Mulnix, J. W. (2010). Thinking critically about critical thinking. In Educational Philosophy and Theory, pp 1-16. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing. DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-5812.2010.00673.
[26].Mumford, M. D., & Mcintosh, T. (2017). Creative thinking processes: The past and the future. The Journal of Creative Behavior, 51(4): 317–322. DOI: 10.1002/jocb.197.
[27].OECD. (2018). PISA for Development Assessment and Analytical Framework: Reading, Mathematics, and Science. Paris: OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264305274-5-en.
[28].Resnick, L.B. (1987). Education and Learning to Think. Washington: National Academy Press. Available at http://www.nap.edu/catalog/1032.html.
[29].Retnawati, H., Djidu, H., Kartianom, Apino, E., & Anazifa, R. D. (2018). Teachers’ knowledge about higher-order thinking skills and its learning strategy. Problems of Education in the 21stCentury, 76(2), 215-230. DOI:10.33225/pec/18.76.215
[30].Ritter, S. M., & Mostert, N. (2017). Enhancement of creative thinking skills using a cognitive based creativity training. Journal of Cognitive Enhancement, 1(3): 243–253. DOI: 10.1007/s41465-016-0002-3.
[31].Roberts, J. C. et al. (2014). From ill-defined problems to informed decisions. In M. Pohl & J. Roberts (Eds.), EuroVis Workshop on Visual Analytics. The Eurographics Association. DOI:10.13140/2.1.3404.0006.
[32].Runco, M. A., & Jaeger, G. J. (2012). The standard definition of creativity. Creativity Research Journal, 24(1), 92–96. DOI: 10.1080/10400419.2012.650092.
[33].Saavedra, A. R., & Opfer, V. D. (2012). Learning 21st-century skills requires 21st-century teaching. Phi Delta Kappan 94(2):8-13. DOI:10.2307/41763587
[34].Saygılı, S. (2017). Examining the problem solving skills and the strategies used by high school students in solving non-routine problems. E-International Journal of Educational Research, 8(2): 91-114. http://www.e-ijer.com/en/download/article-file/338828.
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[39].Yen, T. S., & Halili, S. H. (2015). Effective teaching of higher order thinking (HOT) in education. The Online Journal of Distance Education and e-Learning, 3(2), 41-47.
[40].Weiss, R. E. (2003). Designing problems to promote higher-order thinking. New Directions for Teaching and Learning, 95: 25-31. DOI:10.1002/tl.109.
[41].Willingham, D. T. (2019). How to Teach Critical Thinking. A paper commissioned by the New South Wales Department of Education. https://apo.org.au/node/244676.
[42].Zhong, L., & Xu, X. (2019). Developing real life problem solving skills through situational design: a pilot study. Educational Technology Research and Development 67(4). DOI:10.1007/s11423-019-09691-2.
[43].Zohar, A., & Barzilai, S. (2015). Metacognition and teaching higher order thinking (HOT) in science education: Students' thinking, teachers' knowledge, and instructional practices. In R. Wegerif, L. Li, & J. C. Kaufman (Eds.), Routledge International Handbook of Research on Teaching Thinking (pp. 229-242). Oxon, UK: Routledge.
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Publishing time:2025-09-25
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License