以人为本的护理对认知症患者有效性的meta分析

宫 晶 ( 潍坊医学院 护理学院 )

李景余 ( 潍坊医学院 护理学院 )

孙亚楠 ( 潍坊医学院 护理学院 )

丁良成 ( 潍坊医学院 护理学院 )

吕慧静 ( 潍坊医学院 护理学院 )

臧丽丽 ( 潍坊医学院 护理学院 )

孟庆慧 ( 潍坊医学院 护理学院 )

https://doi.org/10.37155/2717-5650-0303-39

Abstract

目的: 评价以人为本的护理对认知症患者的效果。 方法: 计算机检索中国知网、万方、维普、中国生 物医学文献服务系统、 PubMed、 Web of Science、 Embase、 Cochrane Library数据库中关于以人为本的护理干预认知 症患者的随机对照试验,检索时限为建库至2021年7月。应用Excel提取文献的基本信息,采用Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions-version 5.1.0中的偏倚风险评估工具进行文献质量评价,采用Revman 5.3进行统计 分析,采用GRADE pro对证据进行定量评级,采用Egger线性回归分析对文献进行发表偏倚检验并通过单因素 Meta回 归分析探讨文献异质性来源。 结果: 本研究共纳入10篇随机对照试验。 Meta分析结果显示:与对照组相比,以人为 本的护理可以减少认知症患者激越[SMD = -1.04, 95%CI(-1.99, -0.08), P = 0.03]、精神行为症状 [SMD = 0.67, 95%CI(0.25, 1.10), P = 0.002]及抑郁 [SMD = 0.17, 95%CI(0.01, 0.34), P = 0.04],并能改善患者生活质量 [SMD = 1.25, 95%CI(0.41, 2.10), P = 0.003];与短期干预 [SMD = 0.73, 95%CI(0.04, 1.43), P = 0.04]相比,长期干预 [SMD = 2.02, 95%CI(0.38, 3.67), P = 0.02]更有益于提升患者生活质量;与以人为本标准化干预模式 [SMD = 1.33, 95%CI(0.49, 2.17), P = 0.002]相比,个性化的活动形式[SMD = 1.19, 95%CI(0.83, 1.55), P < 0.00001]更有益于提 升患者生活质量。 结论: 以人为本的护理能减少认知症患者的激越、精神行为症状及抑郁情绪,并能改善患者生活质 量,对提升认知症患者生存质量有积极作用。

Keywords

认知症;以人文本;护理; Meta分析;生活质量;循证

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