医学研究生应用生成式 AI 的学术诚信风险识别与应对机制
张再球# （ 中南大学湘雅三医院儿科 ）
李思杰# （ 中南大学湘雅三医院儿科 ）
刘韬华 （ 中南大学湘雅三医院儿科 ）
赵明一 （ 中南大学湘雅三医院儿科 ）
文 敏* （ 中南大学湘雅三医院儿科 ）
何庆南* （ 中南大学湘雅三医院儿科 ）
https://doi.org/10.37155/2705-0653-0807-30
Abstract
生成式人工智能（AI）正在改变医学研究生查阅文献、处理数据和撰写论文的方式，也使学术责任的界定更为复杂。现有讨论多强调工具带来的效率提升，对医学科研各环节中风险如何产生、责任如何落实，仍缺少连贯梳理。本文围绕文献检索与使用、数据分析和论文撰写三个场景，分析虚假引文、分析过程不透明、偏见放大、替代性写作及科研能力弱化等问题，并根据风险出现的具体环节提出核验、披露、数据保护和能力训练等要求。在此基础上，文章将生成式AI的使用边界、披露义务、核查责任、数据与隐私保护及能力培养归纳为行为准则，旨在为高校制定医学研究生AI使用规则、开展科研诚信教育提供可执行的参考。
Keywords
生成式人工智能；医学研究生；学术诚信；行为规范Full Text
PDFReferences
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[2] 陈虹旭, 赖睿, 徐建国, 等. 人工智能赋能神经外
科教学：机遇、挑战与对策 [J]. 华西医学, 2024, 39(09):
1470-1473.
[3] Tozsin A, Ucmak H, Soyturk S, 等. The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Education: A Systematic Review[J]. Surg Innov, 2024, 31(4): 415-423.
[4] CombsC D. EmergingRoles of Virtual Patientsin the
Age of AI[J]. AMA JEthics, 2019, 21(2): E153-159.
[5] Nagi F, Salih R, Alzubaidi M, 等. Applications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Medical Education: AScopingReview[J]. Stud Health TechnolInform, 2023, 305: 648-651.
[6] Xu Y, Jiang Z, Ting DSW, 等. Medical education and
physician training in the era of artificialintelligence[J]. Singapore Med J, 2024, 65(3): 159-166.
[7] Topaz M, et al. Fabricated citations: an audit across
2.5 million biomedical papers[J]. The Lancet, 2026. DOI:
10.1016/S0140-6736(26)00603-3.
[8] 田贤鹏, 肖智琦. 生成式 AI 赋能研究生科研写作
的学术伦理与风险防控 [J]. 现代教育技术, 2024, 34(08):
23-32.
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人民共和国公安部公报, 2023(05): 2-5.
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于 在 科 研 活 动 中 规 范 使 用 人 工 智 能 技 术 的
诚 信 提 醒 [EB/OL]. 中 国 科 学 院, 2024-09-10.
http://www.cas.ac.cn/sygz/202409/t20240910_5031186.shtml.
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10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.104988.
[12] Alkaissi H, McFarlane S I. Artificial hallucinations in
ChatGPT: implications in scientific writing[J]. Cureus, 2023,
15(2): e35179. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.35179.
[13] Walters W H, Wilder E I. Fabrication and errors in
the bibliographic citations generated by ChatGPT[J]. Scientific
Reports, 2023, 13: 14045. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41032-
5.
[14] Topaz M, et al. Fabricated citations: an audit across
2.5 million biomedical papers[J]. The Lancet, 2026. DOI:
10.1016/S0140-6736(26)00603-3.
[15] Meyer J G, Urbanowicz R J, Martin P C N, et al.
ChatGPT and large language models in academia: opportunities and challenges[J]. BioData Mining, 2023, 16: 20. DOI:
10.1186/s13040-023-00339-9.
[16] Sallam M. ChatGPT utility in healthcare education,
research, and practice: systematic review on the promising perspectives and valid concerns[J]. Healthcare, 2023, 11(6): 887.
DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11060887.
[17] Bond M, Khosravi H, De Laat M, et al. A meta systematic review of artificial intelligence in higher education: a
call for increased ethics, collaboration, and rigour[J]. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education,
2024, 21: 4. DOI: 10.1186/s41239-023-00436-z.
[18] 王少. ChatGPT 与学术不端治理：挑战与应
对 [J]. 科技进步与对策, 2023, 40(23): 103-110. DOI:10.6049/kjjbydc.2023020435.
[19] 杨顺. ChatGPT 等生成式人工智能对学术诚
信的挑战及应对 [J/OL]. 上海市法学会东方法学, 2024.
https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_28800629.
[20] 彭甲超, 田嘉莉, 杨爽, 等. 大型语言模型对
学术型研究生学术规范和论文写作的影响及挑战——
以 ChatGPT 为例 [J]. 产教融合, 2024, 6(4): 11-30. DOI:
10.6938/iie.060402.
[21] Dwivedi Y K, Kshetri N, Hughes L, et al. ”So what
if ChatGPT wrote it?” Multidisciplinary perspectives on opportunities, challenges and implications of generative conversational AI for research, practice and policy[J]. International
Journal of Information Management, 2023, 71: 102642. DOI:
10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2023.102642.
[22] Cheng A, Calhoun A, Reedy G. Artificial
intelligence-assisted academic writing: recommendations for
ethical use[J]. Advances in Simulation, 2025, 10: 22. DOI:
10.1186/s41077-025-00350-6.
[23] Cotton D, Cotton P A, Shipway J R. Chatting and cheating: ensuring academic integrity in
the era of ChatGPT[J]. Innovations in Education and
Teaching International, 2023, 61(2): 228-239. DOI:
10.1080/14703297.2023.2190148.
[24] Chan C K Y, Hu W. Students’ voices on generative AI: perceptions, benefits, and challenges in higher education[J]. International Journal of Educational Technology in
Higher Education, 2023, 20: 43. DOI: 10.1186/s41239-023-
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[25] Taloni A, Scorcia V, Giannaccare G. Large Language Model Advanced Data Analysis Abuse to Create a
Fake Data Set in Medical Research. JAMA Ophthalmol.
2023 Dec 1;141(12):1174-1175. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2023.5162. PMID: 37943569; PMCID: PMC10636646
Copyright © 2026 张再球#,李思杰#,刘韬华,赵明一,文 敏*,何庆南*
Publishing time:2026-07-31
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License